What are the statutes for foreclosures in Texas?
Yes. The core Texas foreclosure statutes are primarily in Texas Property Code Chapter 51 for contract-lien foreclosures, with Chapter 209 adding special rules for property owners’ association foreclosures.[3][1]
Key Texas Foreclosure Statutes
| Subject | Statute |
|---|---|
| General nonjudicial foreclosure procedures | Tex. Prop. Code §§ 51.0001–.008 |
| Sale of real property under contract lien | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.002 |
| Debtor’s notice of address change | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.0021 |
| Mortgage servicer authority to administer foreclosure | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.0025 |
| Deficiency judgment after nonjudicial foreclosure | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.003 |
| Deficiency judgment after judicial foreclosure | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.004 |
| Deficiency after judgment against guarantor | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.005 |
| Deed-in-lieu issues | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.006 |
| Trustee rules and dismissal procedures | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.007 |
| Trustee/substitute trustee authority | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.0075 |
| Certain governmental liens | Tex. Prop. Code § 51.008 |
| POA foreclosure notice and expedited foreclosure process | Tex. Prop. Code § 209.0092 and related Chapter 209 provisions[1] |
The main foreclosure provisions in Chapter 51
Tex. Prop. Code § 51.002 governs the standard nonjudicial foreclosure process for real property sold under a power of sale in a deed of trust or other contract lien. It requires, among other things:
- sale at public auction on the first Tuesday of the month between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m.;
- 21 days’ notice of sale;
- certified-mail notice to the debtor; and
- a 20-day cure notice for a debtor’s residence before notice of sale is given.[3]
Tex. Prop. Code § 51.0025 permits a mortgage servicer to administer the foreclosure on behalf of the mortgagee if the servicing agreement and notices satisfy the statute.[2][3]
Tex. Prop. Code § 51.003 provides the two-year limitations period and fair-market-value offset procedure for deficiencies after a nonjudicial foreclosure sale.[4]
Property owners’ association foreclosures
For HOA/POA liens, Texas uses additional rules in Chapter 209. The Texas State Law Library notes that a property owners’ association may need an expedited court order before proceeding with a nonjudicial foreclosure of an assessment lien, unless the owner waives that requirement in writing.[1]
Practical note
If you want, I can also pull these into one of three more useful formats:
- just the statutory text summary by section
- a foreclosure checklist for Texas practitioners
- a chart separating mortgage foreclosures from HOA foreclosures
Sources & References
- HOA Foreclosures - Foreclosure - Guides at Texas State Law Library
- Texas Property Code Section 51.0025 – Administration of Foreclosure by Mortgage Servicer
- CHAPTER 51. PROVISIONS GENERALLY APPLICABLE TO LIENS :: Texas Property Code :: 2005 Texas Code :: Texas Code :: U.S., Texas Property Code Section 51.002
- Texas Property Code Section 51.003 – Deficiency Judgment